Pale Skin/Black Genes: Yorkshire clan linked to Africa
By
Ogu Eji Ofo Anu
Cutting edge genetic research increasingly adds weight to the proposition that people of African origin have lived in Europe and Britain for centuries.
A study carried out by a team of experts from Leicester University published in European Journal of Human Genetics found that seven men bearing a rare Yorkshire surname carry a very rare genetic signature previously thought to express only in people of African origin.
Although the men appeared to have a shared common ancestor in the 18th Century, the African DNA lineage they carry probably arrived in Britain hundreds of years earlier.
The Y Chromosome:
The Y chromosome is a string of genetic material found only in males, which is passed down from father to son, more or less in its original form.
The Y chromosome accumulates small changes (as a result of mutations) in its DNA sequence, over the course of time. By analyzing these changes, scientists are able to study the relationships between different male lineages as well as population movements.
These period mutational changes that occur in the Y chromosome allow its categorization into different groups (called haplogroups) which, provide useful tools in determining a person’s geographical ancestry.
Certain haplogroups might be very common in, for example, East Asia and very rare in Europe. Inferences are made on a haplogroup`s geographical origin based on its prevalence in a particular region of the world. Although this is a crude way of deducing ancestral geographical origins, it represents the cutting edge of today’s genetic science.
Pale-Skin and Black Genes:
Haplogroup A1, is highly West African-specific. It is a very old haplogroup which presence is very rare even in the west African region.
There are only 25 other people known worldwide with this gene and they are all African. Yet, this recent study has sequenced this haplogroup in 7 pale-skin English men living in Yorkshire.
That an African specific gene which has only been sequenced in 25 Africans should be discovered in 7 white-men living in one small town in England is indeed highly significant and provocatively suggestive.
Family tree:
According to the BBC News-site which also reported on this study, the study began with one individual who had no knowledge of any African heritage in his family.
Upon sequencing the unusual haplogroup, the scientist decided to expand their study to determine the extent of the haplogroup’s presence in the genetic make-up of Yorkshire men.
Since sharing a surname significantly raises the likelihood of sharing the same ancestor and hence the same type of Y chromosome, the researchers started recruiting people with the same last name, which starts with “R” and originates in Yorkshire.
18 men were tested, seven carried the rare African haplogroup. This ratio represents a mind boggling percentage when one considers the rareness of this gene even in west Africa. It appears to indicate an early colonization of Yorkshire by people of west African descent.
An attempt to fit the men into a family tree suggests that they had shared a common ancestor as of the 18th century. Further analysis however confirms that the haplogroup had a presence on the British Isle that dated many centuries prior to the 18th.
Migration Routes:
Although majority of the Black people living in England today originated in Africa and the Carribean in the second half of the 20th century, there were also Africans living in Britain before the 20th Century.
One must not forget that the Ibero-maurisians who are believed to have settled the British Isle in the pre-historic times were mostly Black Africans who had crossed into Spain from North Africa and then crossed the Alps or sailed the North sea into the British Isle.
Traditions also insist that the Phoenicians, another group of Africans usually passed off by racist minded scholars as “brown mediterranean types” originally came from the Horn of Africa. Phoenicians were known to have colonized the British Isle and extracted precious minerals from its mines including tin.
Scottish and Irish legends also hold that certain Egyptians had also colonized the Isle as traders, and then later as political exiles. Those Egyptians were Black Africans many of whose latter-day descendants live with pale skins covering black genes.
The Roman Empire was largely situated in North Africa geographically speaking. Thus many African Romans had a great influence on the Roman Empire. A Black African lawyer from Mauritania named Spetimus Severus had ruled Roman Empire from the capital Roman and even established an illustrious dynasty of Black Roman rulers. At that time, Britain was an outlaying backwater territory of celtic and germanic barbarians with whom the Romans rarely interacted.
At one point, the Romans administrators of the British colony had built the Hadrian’s wall, an early fort used to control the movement of barbarian tribes. Black Roman soldiers of African descent garrisoned this fort. Thousands of those soldiers settled and had children in England with the locals. Recent studies have confirmed the African origin of many osteological and genetic samples recovered from Roman cemetries near the Hadrian’s wall.
One must recall the Moors who had ruled a great part of southern Europe for periods ranging between 300 – 800 years. These Moors were the light of dark-age Europe and introduced the ancient sciences, medicine, mathematics, architecture and luxury goods into Europe, even further afield from their southern European sphere of influence. Their contribution facilitated the birth of western Europe which is wrongly termed as the Renassiance.
Finally, mention must be made of the several thousand Africans who were subsequently kidnapped and trade with the connivance of the elites of Europe into enforced slavery between 1516 and 1830 AD.
The first (Unknown) Black President of the United States: Paleskins/Black Genes In Action:
Human migration history is very complex, particularly for an island nation such as England, and this study further debunks the idea of the Aryan white homogenous germanic English race. It demonstrates that underneath many pale skins lie black African genes!
For example, When scientists analysed the DNA of the third US president, Thomas Jefferson, they found that his Y chromosome belonged to a haplogroup known as K2.
Although Jefferson’s father claimed Welsh ancestry, genetics has disproved this claim as false since his Y-haplogroup is rare in Europe and has not yet been reported in Britain.
In fact, genetic studies show that Thomas Jefferson’s K2 haplogroup ultimately came from north-east Africa or the Middle East, the areas where it is most commonly found today. It is thus highly probably that Jefferson was a recent descent of some un-named and denied Somali, Kenyan, or Sudanese making him the first Black president of the United States.
Incidentally, Jefferson, a founding father of the United States and one of the better known writers and signatory of the US constitution had a known preference for African women that he had enslaved on his plantation. He actually fathered a whole tribe of unacknowledged “mulatto” children from those Black women many of whom he enslaved or sold.
Someone once said that terrible crimes have been aided and abetted under the ignorant white-out of racist prejudice.
Ogu Eji Ofo Anu
January 25th, 2007.
Sources:
BBC NEWS:
Published: 2007/01/24
http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/science/nature/6293333.stm
The African Land of Spain: http://www.africaresource.com/rasta/2006/08/25/the-african-land-of-spain/
The Black Romans: http://www.africaresource.com/rasta/2006/06/29/the-black-romans/
Blacks in Rome: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/tyne/wear/3181666.stm
Dear Mr/Ms Jahdey
You did a great job of refuting them, didn’t you? All you did was use insults “red neck ignoramuses”, “pale and vapid mind”. But at no point did you ever show why they were wrong/what was wrong about what they said.
I have heard about something called “slave mentality”. It is a psychological condition that effects slaves and the descendants of slaves. Basically the person imagins that they are the slavemaster, and thinks that everything the master and his people did was done by the slave and HIS people. The sad fact of this is that by owning/using slaves, the master has shown himself to be a ****. But the slave-descended person has a pretty screwed-up way of looking at life, which is perfectly understandable. Sadly, the only way to break free of the psychological trauma that comes with knowing one’s ancestors were treated like chattel..is to convince oneself that the slaves were the masters, and that everything the master achieved was really achieved by the slave, and his bloodline. It’s a sad and tragic reality that there was slavery, and even though it’s been gone for hundreds of years(not long enough) people descended from the slaves have never truly recovered.
John Dumbn is a redneck along with the fake jew Antony halfson:
We are Africans at home and abroad and we don’t give a teeny hoot what you think.
Your conclusions on intra-African wars in Darfur and Rwanda as proof of racial differences between Africans is pathetic. You need to understand the socio-economic factors in Africa that lead to these wars ok.
Oh and by the way when the Europeans are busy butchering themselves in 1914-18,1939-45, In the UK (England and Northern Ireland),Spain and the Basque separatists, Serbia etc are they still the one great superior Caucasian family? Pray tell.
What is an “average European†any way-the middle of the blue-eyed blonde scandinavian and the dark Greek-or what?
Your redneck ilk always want to have your cake and eat it: When Europeans look transparently different they are still a race unto greatness. When Africans the world over assert the same concept you begin to compartmentalize I and I!
There is a Natural Mystic flowing in the air: Ever heard of the African Union? The goal is to the establishment of the UNITED STATES OF AFRICA.
But first the spiritual level: We Africans at home and abroad are cleansing our souls from the filth you brought down to us-blue-eyed devil gods and satanic economic systems.
JAH RASTAFARI!
We Africans love our Idren in the Americas, England, the West Indies and anywhere in the west to where they were taken by your forbears to build your empire. We don’t care what you think or say-I and I are reacquainting and we Africans will unite.
We know that the haters’ modus operandi is to trivialize anything that is not inspired by him. Just like the devil trivializes God’s work. You will do your utmost to mock and trivialize our efforts. Osagyefu Kwame Nkrumah warned us of your tactics. So we know sense your malevolent presence.
So Idren out there dont listen to trash from trash about we Africans.
See Dumbn, there are hundreds of thousands of AFRICANS at home and abroad stoking the fire of love knowledge and righteousness for the African peoples. And your hateful words aint gonna separate I and I see?
Of course for a demelanized wretch like thyself the Idea of love, truth and righteousness sound like romantic nonsence. You come from the stone-cold objective, realistic, pragmatic school of thought.
Yet the truth of the trend eludes you. Critical mass is building up in Africa-we don’t care what the white thugs like yourself think anymore. We have exposed you and will continue to do so till every African child sings to a BLACK GOD. We will build a physical economy based on objective (yes objective) production!
Your speculative paper money neo-liberal globalized economic system is its undoing.
Rastafari is watching and I-nvestigating and sees through the ill gotten wealth of your masters and their poodles at home and in a babylon.
The hater goes on.:.“Afrocentrism†is simply a misguided attempt by “African-Americans†to give themselves an identity and some sort of “glorious past†after centuries of abuse and mistreatment at the hands of the American slavers.
Of course truth sets I and I free.And makes I and I feel good. Why does your truth not make YOU feel good white bwoy?:
When you say the queen of England is god anointed-is this “a guided attempt†at making your lot feel good? Is that why the royal families of Europe went out to plunder the world’s people of colour?A plundering, pillaging, sacrilagious thieving history. No wonder you still are so miserable inspite of your “advanced civilization”
The United States of Africa-Zion is in I and I mind and heart from the beginning so shall it be in the end. We will civilize miserable wretches like you..
That is why you keep surfing into I and I sites, listening to reggae, jazz, funk, rock n roll. You just love these African people don’t you? Where would you be without Africa: In a cold cave somewhere in Europe!
The pitiful one continues:The “African†model suits both purposes. While some white American can pinpoint the exact village in Ireland his ancestors came from, and they even still have the family name, the Black Americans have no idea….
A typical sneer from a racist. These dont rub any more, white bwoy! I told you we don’t care what you think. Look who is talking about “models†when your whole white god supremacy philosophy is a model built on sand:
a) God is Black for Africans
b) Civilization began in Africa
c) Civilization spread out from Africa
d) The white (racist) man is just a child of Africa fooling around and distorting truth so they can live a life of false pretences at I and I expense. We are no longer amused with your shenanigans child so watch it!
e) The Black man and all peoples of good will establish a fair civilization on earth!
Is this why you would rather that our African American Idren forget about their history? Who they are? You are such a loser you. Call it a “model” or whatever. This is the force of TRUTH- a concept that I dare say you could never fully understand, seeing the kind of sophistry you have been brought up in.
Check his premises again:…… By saying that there is a single “African†people YOU are the racist ones, as lumping such diverse peoples into a single generic “African†“tribe†is exactly what the slavers did, ie “All Africans are the same, they have no distinctive cultures, languages etc. They’re savagesâ€.
You are trying to be tricky here but its not washing. Africans are the same genetically, spiritually and morally. That’s why we call ourselves Idren still see? Whether you are in America, Jamaica or Timbuktu and you are black (just ONE DROP) you are Idren!Look again at your plundering forebears and present masters and tell us who the savage is.
A good hearted people respectfully invite strangers into their house you call them savages. To enable you steal their wealth with on clean conscience! Now you are running scared because we have caught on to you.
JAH!!
We don’t care what you say bwoy, really. Is a Tutsi your brother? You tried to say so by calling him Caucasian! Is a Scandinavian your brother, or an Italian. Yes you say? Then I will say a Zulu, a Hausa a Luo, a Shona, a Berber a Mandinka and all Black people in Brazil, America and the rest of the diaspora are our brothers! Dig?
Now see his final salvo this racist:… But none of this changes anything. The White Corporation is happy to peddle out mythical pasts about Black Egyptians and Black Moors………. Black people can study “Black History†and go around in daydreams about how the Egyptians were black, but they are still mistreated by the White American Leaders. Rather than attempt to tackle the misbalance of American Society they go “Oh here’s something to take pride inâ€. By ignoring the relevant issues TODAY, and focusing on some non-existent past(that is offensive to Egyptians, Moors, Tunisians and others), they “Afrocentrists†are essentially doing nothing more than Minstrel Dancing
What do you think the RELEVANT ISSUES ARE TODAY if not the lack of/inadequate knowledge of I and I greatness? You cold “objective†fool, you will never get it. You are a “Eurocentricâ€and we aint into that crap no more.Understand?
This is our business and we are taking care of it from Addis Ababa, spreading it world wide to all the right peoples of the earth!
One Love!
Ryan Reynolds another hopeless white supremacist contemplates: The idea of a single “African continent†from the southern shores of the Mediterranean to the tip of South Africa is a recent, and artificial, social construct. It is sad as we get more “intelligent†and “Advanced†that knowledge our ancestors knew is disregarded and ignored.
Whose recent artificial social construct was this? It was your forebear’s devilish ideas as they greedily scrambled for Africa. Within what you have said is a tacit admission of the greatness of Africa beyond its physical borders. In a confused way you are admitting that racism is a recent construct . Designed by the devils from Europe i.e. your ruling masters and their traders and financiers. These were assisted by the priests of the scandinavian-looking jesus to subjugate a people and obliterate a history older than even their oldest ancestors.
Reynolds continues:.. NOBODY up until about 200 years(or less) ago would have considered the people from Morocco to Egypt as having ANYTHING to do with sub-Saharan black people.
Really? Is that why there was so much trade, intermarriage and cultural exchanges across the whole of physical north Africa for millenia? This is a typical white racist ploy to drive wedges between Black people by trivializing any reality that denotes the power of the Inity of Black people. Or maybe you are genuinely ignorant due to your eurocentric history perspective based on pure sophistry.
Reynold with more ignorant and/or hateful white trash: Now we are told to believe that the Egyptians and Moors(and the Carthaginians?) were “black†people. Have you ever seen the way these people depicted THEMSELVES in paintings, busts, statues and other artworks?
Please do more research just within rastalivewire and get some school. Also check http://www.freemaninstitute.com-this is a white guy (whom your ilk may be more inclined to) who has seen the BLACK LIGHT in his travels in Africa. Freeman starts off fools like yourself with pictures and descriptions of how your thieving forbears defaced the Sphinx of his AWESOME NEGRO NOSE. Tell us why?
Reynut just cant help spewing forth hateful drivel this one-he goes: How could anyone in their right mind, and without preformed ideas, claim that these people are akin to West Africans? How can any sane, rational human being see the bust of Nefertiti and see a negro woman?
Then he bleats hopelessly:Could someone please answer that for me?
http://dsc.discovery.com/convergence/nefertiti/face/face.html
She was BLACK Reynolds ok?
And so was Jesus, Muhamad, Abraham, Moses and many others. They lied to you and now get ready for Cognitive Dessonance before you hit the MOMENT OF TRUTH!! Just open your mind.
Then you will be free of your hateful burdens.
You will know who your real enemy is: The economic system and its supporting infrustructure…
I never said that anybody ever claimed in one big happy “Caucasian”(that isn’t what the word means) family. I merely said that your ideas of one big happy “African” family is clearly the reality on the ground. While the IDEAL of “African” unity may be a good thing, it will realistically never actually happen. Also, you call people “white racists” and much worse, when it is clear you yourself are full of hatred and prejudice. Civilisation never began in Africa, civilisation began in Sumer(modern Iraq). Yes, it is true that humanity originates in Africa, but then you turn around and claim that only people like you can even acknowledge that as all the “inferior” lighter people are all devils and mutants. I shan’t even bother replying to the rest of your post as it is clear you are just a hate-filled, angry person, and that you go entirely on slogans and concepts, and ignore physical evidence to the contrary.
Antony Halfson: I never said that anybody ever claimed in one big happy “Caucasianâ€(that isn’t what the word means) family. I merely said that your ideas of one big happy “African†family is clearly the reality on the ground. While the IDEAL of “African†unity may be a good thing, it will realistically never actually happen.
No need to quibble over this gobbledygook. However, we Africans are not seeking your approval on our Inity. We know that this is your dread. You have the recessive gene which will always be dominated by I and I gene. So you are merely acting to type by trying to protect your kind (consciously or otherwise) through your affected sneers.
Antony Halfson :Also, you call people “white racists†and much worse, when it is clear you yourself are full of hatred and prejudice. Civilisation never began in Africa, civilisation began in Sumer(modern Iraq)
Why is it that when Black people stand up for their rights, they are labeled radicals, communists, racists, and lo and behold: HATE FILLED & PREJUDICED!!
Your history books tried to teach I and I that “civilization†began in Greece (read white people).
Then Africa-Nubia is established as the originator of high civilization as defined generally.
Eurocentrics like yourself suffer cognitive dissonance on coming across these facts of Africa’s greatness.
Then you go into plausible deniability mode: You deny Africa its rightful place in Istory by trying to create fogs and doubts in Africans’ minds about I selves. With your usual arrogance and sleight of hand tactics, you shift the origins of ancient civilization further east to “modern Iraq†forgetting that the people there then were BLACK! I and I keep telling you we have caught on to you and we do not give a hoot what you think. Dig?
Antony Halfson:……… originates in Africa, but then you turn around and claim that only people like you can even acknowledge that as all the “inferior†lighter people are all devils and mutants.
Now he tries obfuscation by talking ‘bout “lighter peoples†! Who do you mean by lighter people you silly clown? I and I said that so long as I and I have one drop of BLACK BLOOD one is BLACK. Period.
So now we have neatly isolated the “lighter skinned†peoples you really meant to mention have we not? The actual minority on earth! You will recall that this racial classification system was invented by your type. It now frightens the be-jesus out of you when it is used against you does it not!
Antony Halfson fades off :I shan’t even bother replying to the rest of your post as it is clear you are just a hate-filled, angry person, and that you go entirely on slogans and concepts, and ignore physical evidence to the contrary
What physical evidence to the contrary (of what) are you talking about?
Are you talking about the scientific, medical,religious documents and artifacts stolen from “primitive†Africa that now lie in your museums and studied in your centres of higher learning?
-Or are you refering to sites like these that reflect a growing awareness of I and I story not history?
We will continue to sloganeer and derive concepts because we know what these things mean,
We know what history is. You cant erase I and I so easily!I and I history is DEEP and crosses MILLENIA!
You have been advised to take more history lessons. Take this seriously.
Antony Halfson: I never said that anybody ever claimed in one big happy “Caucasianâ€(that isn’t what the word means) family. I merely said that your ideas of one big happy “African†family is clearly the reality on the ground. While the IDEAL of “African†unity may be a good thing, it will realistically never actually happen.
No need to quibble over this gobbledygook. However, we Africans are not seeking your approval on our Inity. We know that this is your dread. You have the recessive gene which will always be dominated by I and I gene. So you are merely acting to type by trying to protect your kind (consciously or otherwise) through your affected sneers.
Antony Halfson :Also, you call people “white racists†and much worse, when it is clear you yourself are full of hatred and prejudice. Civilisation never began in Africa, civilisation began in Sumer(modern Iraq)
Why is it that when Black people stand up for their rights, they are labeled radicals, communists, racists, and lo and behold: HATE FILLED & PREJUDICED!!
Your history books tried to teach I and I that “civilization†began in Greece (read white people).
Then Africa-Nubia is established as the originator of high civilization as defined generally.
Eurocentrics like yourself suffer cognitive dissonance on coming across these facts of Africa’s greatness.
Then you go into plausible deniability mode: You deny Africa its rightful place in Istory by trying to create fogs and doubts in Africans’ minds about I selves. With your usual arrogance and sleight of hand tactics, you shift the origins of ancient civilization further east to “modern Iraq†forgetting that the people there then were BLACK! I and I keep telling you we have caught on to you and we do not give a hoot what you think. Dig?
Antony Halfson:……… originates in Africa, but then you turn around and claim that only people like you can even acknowledge that as all the “inferior†lighter people are all devils and mutants.
Now he tries obfuscation by talking ‘bout “lighter peoples†! Who do you mean by lighter people you silly clown? I and I said that so long as I and I have one drop of BLACK BLOOD one is BLACK. Period.
So now we have neatly isolated the “lighter skinned†peoples you really meant to mention have we not? The actual minority on earth! You will recall that this racial classification system was invented by your type. It now frightens the be-jesus out of you when it is used against you does it not!
Antony Halfson fades off :I shan’t even bother replying to the rest of your post as it is clear you are just a hate-filled, angry person, and that you go entirely on slogans and concepts, and ignore physical evidence to the contrary
What physical evidence to the contrary (of what) are you talking about?
Are you talking about the scientific, medical,religious documents and artifacts stolen from “primitive†Africa that now lie in your museums and studied in your centres of higher learning?
-Or are you refering to sites like these that reflect a growing awareness of I and I story not history?
We will continue to sloganeer and derive concepts because we know what these things mean,
We know what history is. You cant erase I and I so easily!I and I history is DEEP and crosses MILLENIA!
You have been advised to take more history lessons. Take this seriously
Jahrateng Skabeli wrote:
Blah blah blah cracka blah blah honky blah blah African Greatness blah blah blah Egyptians were Black blah blah blah cracka blah blah Eurocetrist blah blah blah